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http://ameblo.jp/warm-heart/entry-10150554830.html から転載。 2008-10-12 16:20:03 2008年10月12日(日)「しんぶん赤旗」 Ｗ・ポスト紙論評 ------------------------------------- 【ワシントン＝西村央】十日付の米紙ワシントン・ポストは一面から「アメリカ型資本主義の終わりか」という論評記事を掲載し、世界の経済に悪影響を与えている金融商品をもとにした投資などに疑問を投げかけました。 ------------------------------------- 独自論評としては保守的な同紙が、米国型資本主義そのものに批判的分析を加えた記事を一面から掲載するのは異例です。 論評は冒頭で「大恐慌以来最悪の金融危機は、もう一人の犠牲者を奪った。米国型資本主義がそれである」と述べた上で、銀行こそが一九三〇年代以来の米国の経済力の「旗艦」となってきたと論じています。 「他国にも極度に自由化した（米国の）市場制度をまねることが期待され、奨励された」と指摘。過去三十年にわたって米国は、ことに途上国に対し、政府は金融や産業に手出しをするなと率先して主張してきたとしています。 ところがサブプライム（低信用層向け高金利型）住宅ローンや有害な金融商品などを生み出したことで米国の資本主義は世界から非難されていると指摘。ノーベル経済学賞受賞者のジョセフ・スティグリッツ・コロンビア大学教授の「金融危機を解決する何のモデルも示せない米国に敬意を払うものは誰もいない」との分析をあげ、信頼が地に落ちているとしています。 ------------------------------------- 資本増強の必要性強調 米大統領 【ワシントン＝西村央】ブッシュ米大統領は十日、ホワイトハウスで声明を発表し、深刻化している金融危機に対応するため、銀行など金融機関への公的資金注入も視野に入れ、「最大限効果のある手段をとる」と表明しました。 ブッシュ氏は、先に成立した不良債権買い上げ等で七千億ドルを投入する法案に言及。「新法は、不良債権の買い取りとともに金融機関の株式買い取りを含めた、資本増強のためのさまざまな手段を活用する権限を財務省に与えている」として、公的資金による銀行などへの資本投入を示唆しました。 ブッシュ氏は「米国の企業や個人は融資を受けるのに苦労している。銀行がローンを提供するのに十分な資金を持っていないからだ｣とし､資本増強の必要性を強調しました。 ------------------------------------- ■関連キーワード ============================================= ワシントンポストの該当英文記事はこちら ⇒ http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2008/10/09/AR2008100903425.html ANALYSIS Since the 1930s, U.S. banks were the flagships of American economic might, and emulation by other nations of the fiercely free-market financial system in the United States was expected and encouraged. But the market turmoil that is draining the nation's wealth and has upended Wall Street now threatens to put the banks at the heart of the U.S. financial system at least partly in the hands of the government. The Bush administration is considering a partial nationalization of some banks, buying up a portion of their shares to shore them up and restore confidence as part of the $700 billion government bailout. The notion of government ownership in the financial sector, even as a minority stakeholder, goes against what market purists say they see as the foundation of the American system. Yet the administration may feel it has no choice. Credit, the lifeblood of capitalism, ceased to flow. An economy based on the free market cannot function that way. The government's about-face goes beyond the banking industry. It is reasserting itself in the lives of citizens in ways that were unthinkable in the era of market-knows-best thinking. With the recent takeovers of major lenders Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac and the bailout of AIG, the U.S. government is now effectively responsible for providing home mortgages and life insurance to tens of millions of Americans. Many economists are asking whether it remains a free market if the government is so deeply enmeshed in the financial system. Given that the United States has held itself up as a global economic model, the change could shift the balance of how governments around the globe conduct free enterprise. Over the past three decades, the United States led the crusade to persuade much of the world, especially developing countries, to lift the heavy hand of government from finance and industry. But the hands-off brand of capitalism in the United States is now being blamed for the easy credit that sickened the housing market and allowed a freewheeling Wall Street to create a pool of toxic investments that has infected the global financial system. Heavy intervention by the government, critics say, is further robbing Washington of the moral authority to spread the gospel of laissez-faire capitalism. The government could launch a targeted program in which it takes a minority stake in troubled banks, or a broader program aimed at the larger banking system. In either case, however, the move could be seen as evidence that Washington remains a slave to Wall Street. The plan, for instance, may not compel participating firms to give their chief executives the salary haircuts that some in Congress intended. But if the plan didn't work, the government might have to take bigger stakes. "People around the world once admired us for our economy, and we told them if you wanted to be like us, here's what you have to do -- hand over power to the market," said Joseph Stiglitz, the Nobel Prize-winning economist at Columbia University. "The point now is that no one has respect for that kind of model anymore given this crisis. And of course it raises questions about our credibility. Everyone feels they are suffering now because of us." In Seoul, many see American excess as a warning. At the same time, anger is mounting over the global spillover effect of the U.S. crisis. The Korean currency, the won, has fallen sharply in recent days as corporations there struggle to find dollars in the heat of a global credit crunch. "Derivatives and hedge funds are like casino gambling," said South Korean Finance Minister Kang Man-soo. "A lot of Koreans are asking, how can the United States be so weak?" Other than a few fringe heads of state and quixotic headlines, no one is talking about the death of capitalism. The embrace of free-market theories, particularly in Asia, has helped lift hundreds of millions out of poverty in recent decades. But resentment is growing over America's brand of capitalism, which in contrast to, say, Germany's, spurns regulations and venerates risk.
gataro-cloneの投稿
Ｗ・ポスト紙論評／米型資本主義終わり？／金融危機解決策示せず【しんぶん赤旗】
テーマ：評論（経済系）
http://www.jcp.or.jp/akahata/aik07/2008-10-12/2008101207_01_0.html
米型資本主義終わり？
金融危機解決策示せず
The End Of American Capitalism?
By Anthony Faiola
Washington Post Staff Writer
Friday, October 10, 2008; Page A01
Page 2 of 2以下は省略。
- ジョセフ・E・スティグリッツ ワヤクチャ 2008/10/12 19:05:42
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