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(回答先: ＣＩＡ長官、米国が拷問を行っていることを否定（IBLNEWS）：あからさまな嘘ほど通用する！か？ 投稿者 バルセロナより愛を込めて 日時 2005 年 3 月 18 日 07:12:04)
多分未転載のアブグレイブ、アフガン、グアンタナモの虐待拷問の記事をNYT、アルジャジーラ、IHTから。当り前のように行われているので読んでいて新鮮味がなくなってきているのが怖い。
http://www.nytimes.com/2005/01/12/international/12abuse.html?hp&ex=1105592400&en=e2ec8251ab96fcb2&ei=5094&partner=homepage
Detainees Describe Abuses by Guard in Iraq Prison
By KATE ZERNIKE
Published: January 12, 2005
FORT HOOD, Tex., Jan. 11 - The soldiers tied the detainees' hands behind their backs and hooded them as they marched them one by one into the cellblock at Abu Ghraib prison on a November night in 2003.
"They threw us in a pile, and then I heard footsteps running," one of the detainees, Hussein Mutar, testified by videotape on Tuesday at the military trial here for Specialist Charles A. Graner Jr., the Army reservist accused of being the ringleader in the Abu Ghraib prisoner abuse scandal. "Then I heard someone diving on me."
The diving soldiers had hurt Mr. Mutar's knee and shoulder. He was crying, he testified, the men around him were crying, and the soldiers were "screaming and laughing." The soldiers ordered the detainees to strip, he said, and anyone who could not take his clothes off fast enough had them cut off with a knife.
The detainees were forced to masturbate, he said, and pile into the pyramid of naked bodies so infamously photographed by the soldiers.
Mr. Mutar and a Syrian detainee testified in taped depositions here as the prosecution wrapped up its case against Specialist Graner, the first contested court-martial to come from the abuse scandal. The photographs the detainees described set off international outrage against the American military and led to abuse investigations at other American detention centers.
"He hit me on my face and on my knees, and all I could hear was the screaming of the people around me, and myself screaming," Mr. Mutar testified. "I wished that I would kill myself because no one over there was stopping what was going on."
The detainees narrated the events captured on film using stark, vivid language, shaking their heads and occasionally thumping themselves in the chest or the head to punctuate the force of the soldiers' fists punching them. Mr. Mutar took a pen and circled himself in the photos as the man on top of the pyramid, identifying himself by the scar on his buttocks.
Their testimony, videotaped last month in a courtroom at Camp Victory in Iraq, capped the government's effort to portray Specialist Graner as a ruthless abuser who took delight in beating prisoners and forcing them into sexually humiliating positions.
Lawyers for Specialist Graner have said the soldiers were following orders from military superiors who were under pressure to obtain better intelligence from the detainees. Guy Womack, his civilian lawyer, said he would provide taped testimony on Wednesday from a detainee who will say that military interrogators gave Specialist Graner orders to rough up prisoners. An Army major, Mr. Womack said, will testify that there was pressure from superiors.
But several military investigators and the detainees themselves testified Tuesday that the detainees in the photographs were at most common criminals, not suspected terrorists, and none were interrogated by military intelligence.
"No one questioned us," said Mr. Mutar, who said Iraqi policemen had taken him at night from his house in Baghdad because they believed he had stolen a car, then transferred him to the Americans. "They took us and tortured us."
The other detainee, Ameen Said Al-Sheikh, a Syrian who said he had come to Iraq to fight the American forces in 2003, testified, "Graner was the primary torturer." Mr. Womack asked him if Specialist Graner had been acting under orders. "Perhaps," Mr. Al-Sheikh said, "but it is his nature. He is an aggressive man."
Mr. Womack suggested that Mr. Al-Sheikh was an unreliable witness because he had exchanged gunfire at Abu Ghraib with American soldiers, using a gun that was smuggled in to him by an Iraqi guard. Mr. Al-Sheikh said the guard had given him the gun after he expressed fear for his life.
He said Specialist Graner once jumped on his leg, already wounded by gunshot, so hard that it failed to heal straight. The soldier then beat it with a collapsible metal baton, Mr. Al-Sheikh testified.
"He handcuffed me to the door for eight hours and the next day I had a dislocated shoulder and they took me to the hospital," he said. Specialist Graner watched as another soldier urinated on Mr. Al-Sheikh, the detainee testified, and Specialist Graner made another detainee eat from a toilet. He threatened to rape them and their wives, and made them eat pork and make statements against their Muslim faith, Mr. Al-Sheikh said.
"Graner told me to thank Jesus for keeping me alive," Mr. Al-Sheikh said.
http://www.nytimes.com/2005/01/12/international/12abuse.html?pagewanted=2&ei=5094&en=e2ec8251ab96fcb2&hp&ex=1105592400&partner=homepage
Mr. Mutar said that after the forced masturbation, he and other detainees were walked back to their cells with hands above their heads, only to discover their cells had been soaked with water. They slept naked in wet, cold cells until the day shift came, he said.
Prosecutors showed the jury several e-mail messages that Specialist Graner had sent on his Army account to family and friends. The judge would not allow the e-mail to be read aloud or released publicly, but a spokesman for the prosecution told reporters that they contradicted Specialist Graner's assertion that he was under orders to mistreat detainees.
Specialist Graner's former wife, Staci Morris, whom he once admitted beating in an altercation that led to his arrest and guilty plea for harassment, made a brief appearance to identify notebooks and military manuals that were taken from the house the two once shared in Uniontown, Pa. Prosecutors would not specify why they gave the notebooks to the jury, but said Specialist Graner's notes in the books outlined his views on detainee treatment.
A former prison guard and a marine veteran of the first Iraq war, Specialist Graner faces 17 and half years in prison on charges of assault, conspiracy, indecent acts and maltreatment. A jury of 10 soldiers, all men and all combat veterans, is expected to deliberate his case by the end of the week.
He is one of seven members of the 372nd Military Police Company, based in Cresaptown, Md., to be charged. Three soldiers have pleaded guilty and agreed to testify; three face court-martial.
At a break, Mr. Womack told reporters that the testimony from Mr. Al-Sheikh was "very helpful" to the defense because it "would offend the jury."
"It's the face of the enemy," he said, "it's very clear that he hates America."
But the detainees said Specialist Graner had become the face of the American enemy.
"That Graner guy, he is a man that hurt his country, hurt his people," Mr. Al-Sheikh said, shaking his head
Mr. Mutar said: "Saddam didn't do this to us."
*An eight-year-old was among the children detained by US soldiers at Iraq's infamous Abu Ghraib jail, a former prison commander has said.
Brigadier-General Janis Karpinski told officials investigating prisoner abuse at Abu Ghraib that the child was crying and wanted to see his mother.
Karpinski's statement is among hundreds of pages of US army records about Abu Ghraib the American Civil Liberties Union (ACLU) released on Thursday.
The ACLU got the documents under a Freedom of Information Act lawsuit seeking records about abuse of detainees in Iraq.
Karpinski did not say what happened to the boy in her interview with Major-General George Fay. Military officials have previously acknowledged that some juvenile prisoners had been held at Abu Ghraib, a massive prison built by Saddam Hussein's government outside Baghdad.
*More dirt
On another subject, Karpinski said she had seen written orders to hold a prisoner that the CIA had captured without keeping records. The records also quote an unnamed army officer at Abu Ghraib as saying military intelligence officers and the CIA worked out a written agreement on how to handle unreported detainees, known as "ghosts".
A US army report issued last September said investigators could not find any copies of any such written agreements.
The Pentagon has acknowledged holding up to 100 "ghost detainees", keeping the prisoners off the books and away from humanitarian investigators from the International Committee of the Red Cross.
Defence Secretary Donald Rumsfeld has defended the practice, saying he authorised it because the prisoners were enemy combatants not entitled to prisoner of war protections.
*Rumsfeld suit
The ACLU sued Rumsfeld earlier this month on behalf of four Iraqis and four Afghans who say they were tortured at US military facilities. Rumsfeld and his spokesmen have repeatedly said he and his aides never authorised or condoned any abuses.
Six enlisted soldiers have pleaded guilty to military charges for their roles in abuses at Abu Ghraib, and Private Charles Graner Jr was convicted at a court martial earlier this year and sentenced to 10 years in prison.
Karpinski, one of the few generals to be criticised in army detainee reports for poor leadership, quoted several senior generals in Iraq as making callous statements about prisoners.
Karpinski said Major-General Walter Wodjakowski, then the second highest ranking army general in Iraq, told her in the summer of 2003 not to release more prisoners, even if they were innocent.
"I don't care if we're holding 15,000 innocent civilians. We're winning the war," Karpinski said Wodjakowski told her.
Agencies
Published: March 12, 2005
WASHINGTON, March 11 - Two Afghan prisoners who died in American custody in Afghanistan in December 2002 were chained to the ceiling, kicked and beaten by American soldiers in sustained assaults that caused their deaths, according to Army criminal investigative reports that have not yet been made public.
One soldier, Pfc. Willie V. Brand, was charged with manslaughter in a closed hearing last month in Texas in connection with one of the deaths, another Army document shows. Private Brand, who acknowledged striking a detainee named Dilawar 37 times, was accused of having maimed and killed him over a five-day period by "destroying his leg muscle tissue with repeated unlawful knee strikes."
The attacks on Mr. Dilawar were so severe that "even if he had survived, both legs would have had to be amputated," the Army report said, citing a medical examiner.
The reports, obtained by Human Rights Watch, provide the first official account of events that led to the deaths of the detainees, Mullah Habibullah and Mr. Dilawar, at the Bagram Control Point, about 40 miles north of Kabul. The deaths took place nearly a year before the abuses at Abu Ghraib prison in Iraq.
Among those implicated in the killings at Bagram were members of Company A of the 519th Military Intelligence Battalion, from Fort Bragg, N.C. The battalion went on to Iraq, where some members established the interrogation unit at Abu Ghraib and have been implicated in some abuses there.
The reports, from the Army Criminal Investigation Command, also make clear that the abuse at Bagram went far beyond the two killings. Among those recommended for prosecution is an Army military interrogator from the 519th Battalion who is said to have "placed his penis along the face" of one Afghan detainee and later to have "simulated anally sodomizing him (over his clothes)."
The Army reports cited "credible information" that four military interrogators assaulted Mr. Dilawar and another Afghan prisoner with "kicks to the groin and leg, shoving or slamming him into walls/table, forcing the detainee to maintain painful, contorted body positions during interview and forcing water into his mouth until he could not breathe."
American military officials in Afghanistan initially said the deaths of Mr. Habibullah, in an isolation cell on Dec. 4, 2002, and Mr. Dilawar, in another such cell six days later, were from natural causes. Lt. Gen. Daniel K. McNeill, the American commander of allied forces in Afghanistan at the time, denied then that prisoners had been chained to the ceiling or that conditions at Bagram endangered the lives of prisoners.
But after an investigation by The New York Times, the Army acknowledged that the deaths were homicides. Last fall, Army investigators implicated 28 soldiers and reservists and recommended that they face criminal charges, including negligent homicide.
But so far only Private Brand, a military policeman from the 377th Military Police Company, an Army Reserve unit based in Cincinnati, and Sgt. James P. Boland, from the same unit, have been charged.
The charges against Sergeant Boland for assault and other crimes were announced last summer, and those against Private Brand are spelled out in Army charge sheets from hearings on Jan. 4 and Feb. 3 in Fort Bliss, Tex.
The names of other officers and soldiers liable to criminal charges had not previously been made public.
But among those mentioned in the new reports is Capt. Carolyn A. Wood, the chief military intelligence officer at Bagram. The reports conclude that Captain Wood lied to investigators by saying that shackling prisoners in standing positions was intended to protect interrogators from harm. In fact, the report says, the technique was used to inflict pain and sleep deprivation.
An Army report dated June 1, 2004, about Mr. Habibullah's death identifies Capt. Christopher Beiring of the 377th Military Police Company as having been "culpably inefficient in the performance of his duties, which allowed a number of his soldiers to mistreat detainees, ultimately leading to Habibullah's death, thus constituting negligent homicide."
http://www.nytimes.com/2005/03/12/politics/12detain.html?pagewanted=2&ei=5094&en=b0127745ff807788&hp&ex=1110690000&partner=homepage
Captain Wood, who commanded Company A in Afghanistan, later helped to establish the interrogation and debriefing center at Abu Ghraib. Two Defense Department reports have said that a list of interrogation procedures she drew up there, which went beyond those approved by Army commanders, may have contributed to abuses at Abu Ghraib.
Past efforts to contact Captain Wood, Captain Beiring and Sergeant Boland, who were mentioned in passing in earlier reports, and to learn the identity of their lawyers, have been unsuccessful. All have been named in previous Pentagon reports and news accounts about the incidents in Afghanistan; none have commented publicly. The name of Private Brand's lawyer did not appear on the Army charge sheet, and military officials said neither the soldier nor the lawyer would likely comment.
John Sifton, a researcher on Afghanistan for Human Rights Watch, said the documents substantiated the group's own investigations showing that beatings and stress positions were widely used, and that "far from a few isolated cases, abuse at sites in Afghanistan was common in 2002, the rule more than the exception."
"Human Rights Watch has previously documented, through interviews with former detainees, that scores of other detainees were beaten at Bagram and Kandahar bases from early 2002 on," Mr. Sifton said in an e-mail message.
In his own report, made public this week, Vice Adm. Albert T. Church III cited the deaths of Mr. Habibullah and Mr. Dilawar as examples of abuse that had occurred during interrogations. Admiral Church said his review of the Army investigation had found that the abuse "was unrelated to approved interrogation techniques."
But Admiral Church also said there were indications in both cases "that medical personnel may have attempted to misrepresent the circumstances of the death, possibly in an effort to disguise detainee abuse," and noted that the Army's surgeon general was reviewing "the specific medical handling" of those cases and one other.
The most specific previous description of the cause of deaths of the two men had come from Pentagon officials, who said last fall that both had suffered "blunt force trauma to the legs," and that investigators had determined that they had been beaten by "multiple soldiers" who, for the most part, had used their knees. Pentagon officials said at the time that it was likely that the beatings had been confined to the legs of the detainees so the injuries would be less visible.
Both men had been chained to the ceiling, one at the waist and one by the wrists, although their feet remained on the ground. Both men had been captured by Afghan forces and turned over to the American military for interrogation.
Mr. Habibullah, a brother of a former Taliban commander, died of a pulmonary embolism apparently caused by blood clots formed in his legs from the beatings, according to the report of June 1, 2004. Mr. Dilawar, who suffered from a heart condition, is described in an Army report dated July 6, 2004, as having died from "blunt force trauma to the lower extremities complicating coronary artery disease."
WASHINGTON Top U.S. Navy officials were so outraged at abusive interrogation techniques being used at the Guantanamo Bay prison in late 2002 that they considered removing navy interrogators from the operation, according to a portion of a recent Pentagon report that has not been made public.
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A top navy psychologist reported to his supervisor in December 2002 that interrogators at Guantanamo were starting to use "abusive techniques."
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In a separate incident that same month, the Defense Department's joint investigative service, which includes navy investigators, formally "disassociated" itself from the interrogation of a detainee, after learning that he had been subjected to particularly abusive and degrading treatment.
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The two events prompted navy law enforcement officials to debate pulling out of the Guantanamo operation entirely unless the interrogation techniques were restricted. The navy's general counsel, Alberto Mora, told colleagues that the techniques were "unlawful and unworthy of the military services."
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The previously undisclosed events were disclosed at a hearing of the Senate Armed Forces Committee on Tuesday. The disclosures shed new light on the military services' objections to the Bush administration's policies on how to interrogate prisoners from the Afghanistan war.
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Senator Carl Levin, Democrat of Michigan, said the events were outlined in the largely classified report on military detention and interrogation operations delivered last week by Vice Admiral Albert Church.
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Levin did not disclose which techniques had been used on prisoners that triggered the navy's unusual concerns.
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Levin said the navy's expressions of outrage prompted Defense Secretary Donald Rumsfeld's decision in January 2003 to revoke an aggressive interrogation policy for Guantanamo detainees, according to the Church report. Rumsfeld then convened a Pentagon working group to examine interrogation issues more thoroughly. It came up with a more restricted interrogation policy in April 2003.
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Specifically, the chain of events began when the chief psychologist of the Navy Criminal Investigative Service, Dr. Michael Gelles, completed a study of Guantanamo interrogations in December 2003 that included extracts of detainee interrogation logs. Gelles reported to the service director, David Brant, that interrogators were using "abusive techniques and coercive psychological procedures."
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The news prompted Brant to argue that if those aggressive practices continued, the agency would have to "consider whether to remain" at Guantanamo. At the same time, Mora, the navy's general counsel, told colleagues that the techniques were "unlawful and unworthy of the military services," according to Levin's account.
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That same month, Brant told Mora about a specific detainee who was "being subjected to physical abuse and degrading treatment." Mora took those concerns to the Defense Department's criminal investigative task force, which took the extraordinary step of deciding to disassociate itself from that detainee's interrogation.
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Calling the navy officials' concerns "very serious," Levin on Tuesday asked the commander of the U.S. Southern Command, General Bantz Craddock, if he could shed any further light on the matter. Craddock has overseen Guantanamo since last year and was previously Rumsfeld's top uniformed military aide.
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Craddock said that he was unaware of the extent of the navy's objections and had not read the full Church report, but that the account matched the timeline of events as he recalled them. Guantanamo interrogators asked for permission to use more aggressive techniques in the fall of 2002, he said.
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Rumsfeld approved a list of specific techniques around December 2002, and then rescinded it in January 2003.
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"I do recall the navy general counsel advising the secretary that there were concerns with regards to interrogation techniques," Craddock said.
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"It was at a point thereafter that the approval of those techniques was rescinded in January and the working group was formed."
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A former member of the Pentagon's detainee working group noted in an interview Tuesday that the Navy Criminal Investigative Service is a law-enforcement agency that trains its agents to gather information that can be used to prosecute criminal defendants.
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He argued that it was appropriate for Guantanamo interrogations to use more aggressive methods because their purpose was to gather information for fighting terrorism.
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The Bush administration announced in early 2002 that detainees captured during the Afghanistan war would not receive the protections of the Geneva conventions, which prohibit coercive interrogations of prisoners of war. At the same time, it began taking prisoners to the navy base in Cuba for indefinite detention and interrogation.
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The U.S. military is holding about 540 detainees at the base. It has released 149 after concluding that they did not pose a threat and had no intelligence value while 65 have been transferred to other countries, which have released some of them.
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