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(回答先: イスラエル軍、ガザに侵攻、パレスチナ側４２人死亡 ［朝日新聞］ 投稿者 あっしら 日時 2004 年 10 月 01 日 21:36:50)
Gaza Strip
Arabic: qit・SUP>c ghazza
http://lexicorient.com/e.o/gazastrp.htm
Palestinian territory of about 360 kmｲ, bordered to the south by Egypt and to the north and east by Israel.The coastline is 40 km, the border to Egypt (which is in practice cut off by an Israeli corridor parallel to the border line) is 11 km. The width of Gaza is at its minimum 6 km and at its maximum 14 km. Annual rainfall seldom exceeds 400 mm and arable land is a mere 13%, of which much is in the hands of Israeli settlers. Gaza Strip is mostly flat and large areas are sandy, often continuing from the beaches which run along the entire coast.
Most of Gaza is governed by the Palestinian National Authority and is the core territory of the new state, while areas of fertile agricultural land are administered by Israel. Gaza's borders are still under Israeli control.
The population is about 750,000, of which 300,000 are indigenous, the rest refugees. The numbers of Israeli settlers (illegal inhabitants) are 4,500, all under the protection of the Israeli military. The main city of the strip is Gaza from which the strip has its name. The majority of the population are Muslims, while there is a group of Christians as well.
The economy of Gaza Strip is highly dependent on Israel, where many Gazans find their everyday job. About 35% of Gaza's GNP is from wages earned in Israel. Israel is also a major trading partner and many Gazan agricultural products are exported from Israel as Israeli products. Little has been achieved in recent years to change the economy of Gaza.
HISTORY
The oldest sources on Gaza tell that it was the residence of the Egyptian governor to Canaan.
13th century BCE: Arrival of the Philistines, making Gaza into an important coastal city.
7th century CE: The Gaza territory comes under Muslim rule.
1947: By the partition plan of the UN the territory of Gaza is projected to become part of an independent Arab state.
1948 May: Egyptian forces move up along the Palestinian coastline in an attempt to reach Tel Aviv. Being pushed back by Jewish forces, a British ceasefire agreement stops the Jewish troops while the Egyptians still hold the Gaza territory. Soon after, large groups of Palestinian refugees are coming in to Gaza.
— During the Egyptian occupation little was done to improve the conditions on the Gaza Strip and the borders between Egypt and the occupied strip are virtually closed. The Gazan population does not receive any citizenship, and large parts of the population survive on UN relief schemes.1956: As part of the Suez-Sinai War, Gaza Strip is occupied by Israel, but Israel leaves as a result of international pressure.
1967 June 5-10: As one of several territories, Gaza is occupied by Israel during the Six-Day War. This time Israel stays.
1987: Start of the Palestinian Intifada, which makes Palestinian fight for independence and political and human rights more evident in the media, as well as forcing the official Israel to face the real situation of the Palestinians on Gaza Strip and the West Bank.
1993: Signing of the Oslo Agreement, that is intended to secure the establishment of a Palestinian State.
1994 May 18: Israeli troops leave most of the Gaza Strip, and control is passed on to the Palestinian National Authority.
— July 1: Arrival of Yassir Arafat in Gaza, where an enthusiastic crowd meets him.1995 January 2: 3 Palestinian police officers are shot by Israeli military, at Bayt Hanun.
1996: January 20: Elections for the Palestinian National Council and president of the council. Gaza Strip has 37 seats in the 88 seat strong council. PLO and Yassir Arafat become the great victors of the election. However, no other candidate receives more votes than the leading Arafat critic Haidar Abdu sh-Shafi, a citizen of Gaza Strip. Out of Gaza Strip do also Hamas candidates become elected, even if Hamas in most constituencies boycots the elections.
— February 26: After a bombs kill 26 people in Israel, Israel closes the borders to Gaza Strip and the West Bank. This results economical hardship on the thousands of Gazans who have their daily work in Israel. While the borders remain closed for a couple of weeks, Israel starts to enlist workers from East Asia.2004 May 13: The Israeli army launches a campaign against quarters of Rafah which they claim has strong resistance activities, and is involved in arms smuggling. Around 50 people are killed, and Israel is strongly condemned by the international society.
Gaza
Arabic: ghazza
http://lexicorient.com/e.o/gaza.htm
City in Palestine with 600,000 inhabitants (2003 estimate), situated on the Mediterranean Sea. The economical base of Gaza are workers living in the city while working in Israel, though this has been made more difficult due to new Israeli regulations. Local sources of income are small industries, crafts, and food processing, as well as fishing. Gaza is the main city on the Gaza Strip and at present hosts the headquarters of the Palestine National Authority.The infrastructure of Gaza is underdeveloped, but there are large schemes implemented these days to improve the quality of housing and health services, even if most still has to be realized. The clear majority of the population of Gaza are Muslim Palestinians.
HISTORY
In ancient times, Gaza was a prosperous Philistine city.
7th century CE: Gaza becomes predominantly Muslim.
Around 1900: The Jewish minority of Gaza abandons the city for other Palestinian settlements.
1948: Gaza is set under Egyptian occupation, as a result of the First Palestinian War. The face of Gaza changes as it becomes the host for Palestinian refugees.
1967: With the Six-Day War, Gaza comes under Israeli occupation.
1994: Gaza becomes the headquarters for the new Palestinian Authority.
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