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| ★阿修羅♪ 戦争７ ★阿修羅♪ |
●ウサマ・ビン・ラディン「犯行告白」ビデオという触れ込みで
アメリカ国防省が発表したビデオに対しては、当然、まず中東
で懐疑の声が出ているようです。
●その反応を報じた米国系メディアの記事を３つ紹介しておきます。
●このビデオに関しては、大雑把に言って、つぎの三段階の
疑問が出てくるでしょう。
【1】まず、ここに写っているウサマ・ビン・ラディンは本物か？
【2】本物だとしても、ここで語っていることは「犯行告白」と
断定できるのか？
【3】これが「犯行告白」だとしても、米国の対応はこの「告白」を
根拠にして正当化できるのか？
●記事を斜め読みして感じたのは、日本に住む我々の大多数は
アメリカの大本営発表や検閲された報道しか接していませんが、
中東世界はまた別の情報に接しているわけで、どちらも情報戦争
下にあるわけだからどちらが「真実」とも言えないが――どっちも
半分は真実で半分は真実じゃないわけで――懐疑的反応が起こる
のは当然だろうし、それは彼らが「ウソ情報に騙されている」せいだ
とは決して言えないのだと言うことです。たとえばアラビア語の言説
に関しては、翻訳を通じてしか接することのできない非アラビア語圏
の人々よりも、よほど情報にリアリティがある場合が多いでしょうし……。
●アラブの人々でさえ聞き取れない会話を、アメリカの連中が聞き
取って――幻聴かよ（笑）――超訳したのは、シドニー・シェルダン
の「超訳」小説なみに“大した仕事”なのでしょうけど、だからといって、
その超訳から「彼が告白した」と直ちに解釈するのは、それこそ妄想
のきわみです。
●我々は、中国人が「日本人」に扮した奇妙なハリウッド映画をたくさん
見てきました。 あの奇妙さは、我々には感覚的に理解できるが、
日本人でも中国人でもない人々には容易に理解できないでしょう。
そういう奇妙さを、中東世界の人々はあのビデオから感じているの
かも知れませんね……。
●ところで、このビデオは、途中でウサマ・ビン・ラディンの会話シーン
が途切れて突然ヘリコプターの墜落シーンが出てくるわけですが、
これを見て、私はウォーターゲート事件のときのニクソンの秘密録音
テープ騒動を思い出してしまいました。あのテープも、ニクソンが議会
に出したくないと散々ごねた末にようやく提出したはいいが、数十分間
の空白箇所があって、その部分に民主党事務所盗聴事件の大統領
関与の証拠が録音されているのでニクソンは“証拠隠し”をしたのだ、
という騒動に発展しました。ニクソンは事態の思わぬ展開にあせって、
カットされていた音声部分を追加提出したのですが、その部分は「Fuck!」
とか「Shit!」とか、大統領にあるまじき汚言のオンパレードだった。
そんなわけで、今度は大統領の資質問題という新たな争点が噴出して
追いつめられ、世論は大統領弾劾を議会に求め、議会がそれを決める
直前に大統領のほうから辞任したのでした。
このビデオの場合も、会話の途中から上書きされているのは不自然な
わけで、案外そうした作為が後々の編集段階で加えられたのかも知れま
せんね。 まあ……ひとつの可能性でしかないですが。
●このビデオの評価ですが、とりあえずこれは「オカシイ」。これを
真に受けるのは拙速である、と言っておきましょう。
●なお、「信じる」のは宗教の領分のことでして、中世の人々は偶像から
神の実在を信じていたわけだし、ずいぶんインチキなトリックで幽霊の
存在を信じさせている事例だっていまだにあるわけですから、人間が
そうした「目に見えるものを妄信する」弱さを持っていることは仕方ない
ですが、私はそうした人々を相手にするつもりはありません。
現実の政治の複雑さを自分のできる範囲で究明していこうと思います。
（インチキトリックで幽霊の存在を信じさせていたペテン師を追いつめた
“超常現象研究家”の活躍ぶりについては、『オカルト探偵ニッケル氏
の不思議事件簿』［ジョー・ニッケル著、東京書籍］を参照して下さい。）
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Arab World Suspicious of Tape
http://news.lycos.com/news/story.asp?section=World&pitem=AP-Unscripted-Bin-Laden&rev=20011213&pub_tag=APONLINE&from=oldlinks
Thursday, December 13, 2001 5:13 p.m. EST
By DONNA ABU-NASR
Associated Press Writer
CAIRO, Egypt (AP) - Poor sound quality and reliance on U.S. government translations significantly lessened the impact of the latest Osama bin Laden videotape in the Arab world and fueled suspicion of a U.S. scheme to blame Muslims for the Sept. 11 terrorist attacks.
``Is that possible! I can't believe bin Laden did it. The translation is wrong and we hardly heard his voice. America just wants to implicate Muslims,'' said Nadia Saqr, an Egyptian mother of two.
In the tape released Thursday by the Pentagon, there was no finger-waving or grandiose threats and bin Laden referred to the Sept. 11 attacks in a casual tone.
As he leaned back on a mattress describing elements of the Sept. 11 plot, the tape revealed what bin Laden is like when he is not making a speech.
``What you were listening to was just a dinner conversation. He wasn't performing,'' said Sateh Noureddine, managing editor of Lebanon's As-Safir newspaper.
In tapes shown of bin Laden over the years, the Saudi dissident's every word and move appeared choreographed to portray him as a heroic warrior able to lead Muslims against their enemies, mainly the United States, Israel and Europe.
One of the most striking examples is the bin Laden tape aired by the Al-Jazeera Arabic station on Oct. 7, hours after the U.S. airstrikes against the Taliban and bin Laden's al-Qaida network began in Afghanistan.
Looking straight into the camera in that tape, bin Laden wagged his finger as he delivered his threat:
``To America, I say only a few words to it and its people: I swear by God, who has elevated the skies without pillars, neither America nor the people who live in it will dream of security before we live it in Palestine, and not before all the infidel armies leave the land of Muhammad, peace be upon him.''
Over dinner with his aides in the tape released Thursday, bin Laden recited a poem about freedom and struggle and teased his spokesman, Sulaiman Abu Ghaith, because he had known nothing about the Sept. 11 attacks. ``Not everyone knew,'' bin Laden said in the tape.
It was a striking contrast to previous tapes. Coupled with poor sound quality and U.S. government translations, the tape released by the Pentagon instead of the Al-Jazeera station, left many Arab skeptics.
In Jordan, political analyst Labib Kamhawi said, at most, the video shows bin Laden praising the attacks, but ``does not prove that bin Laden was responsible for'' them.
Mohamed Salah, an Egyptian expert on militant Islamic movements who writes for the London-based Arabic daily Al-Hayat, said bin Laden may have left the tape behind in the Afghan city of Jalalabad on purpose so the Americans would show it and show the world that he played a role in the terrorist attacks in the United States. Bin Laden no longer has anything to lose by claiming responsibility, Salah said.
In a recruiting video released after the October 2000 suicide attack on the destroyer USS Cole in the Yemeni port of Aden, bin Laden praised the deadly bombing but did not claim responsibility.
As he recited a poem about the Yemen attack, background footage showed bin Laden's masked militants training in Afghanistan as a song played with the lyrics: ``We thank God for granting us victory the day we destroyed Cole in the sea.''
Copyright c 2001 Associated Press.
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Bin Laden tape 'unconvincing'
http://www.itv.com/news/World12505122.html
21.31PM GMT, 13 Dec 2001
Osama bin Laden laughed and boasted in a video that the collapse of the World Trade Centre was more devastating than he ever could have hoped.
The recording, released by the US government, apparently showed the Al-Quaeda leader grinning as he told guests at a dinner in Afghanistan that the suicide hijackers had only learned they were going to their deaths before they boarded the planes.
He told them how he had listened to the radio, waiting for news of the attacks, then celebrated afterwards with his "brothers" - other members of the Al-Quaeda movement.
But the tape has failed to convince some viewers in the Middle East, who have questioned US motives for releasing it.
"Of course it is fabricated," said Dia'a Rashwan, a Cairo-based expert on Islamic movements.
"If this is the kind of evidence that America has, then the blood of thousands who died and were injured in Afghanistan is on Bush's head."
Before the tape was released, US officials had hoped it could help persuade the world of bin Laden's guilt.
But because the quality of the audio was so poor, most Arabs listening to the tape could not follow what bin Laden was saying, lessening its potential impact.
Several Arab satellite channels showed the tape with English subtitles.
"I can't believe bin Laden did it. The translation is wrong and we hardly heard his voice. America just wants to implicate Muslims," said Nadia Saqr, an Egyptian mother of two.
But Fouad Al-Hashem, a columnist for Al-Watan daily, said the tape "blew away all the efforts of Muslim fundamentalist movements to distance bin Laden from the attack."
"We have always wondered what the devil looks like. Today, we got to see him in the person of that man (bin Laden)," said Al-Hashem.
Jordanian political analyst Labib Kamhawi said the video at the most showed bin Laden praising the attacks, but "does not prove that bin Laden was responsible for the September 11 attacks."
But Mohamed Salah, an Egyptian expert on militant Islamic movements, believes bin Laden left the tape for Americans to find because he wanted the world to know of his role in the attacks.
The tape was found by American intelligence agents at a house in Jalalabad, and was shot at a dinner with other Taleban and Al-Qaeda leaders
It has been released by the Pentagon four days after its existence first emerged, with a translation of everything that is audible on the amateurishly-shot home video.
However some within the administration had called for the tape not to be shown in its entirety, saying it may be a plant designed to convey covert messages to bin Laden's supporters abroad.
The tape shows bin Laden talking to a disabled sheikh who has not been identified by The Pentagon.
It is thought to have been shot at a guest house in Kandahar.
Bin Laden, wearing a white turban and combat jacket, is told by the man: "You have given us weapons, you have given us hope and we thank Allah for you.
"People now are supporting us more, even those ones who did not support us in the past, support us more now. I did not want to take that much of your time."
The tape was translated from Arabic by several government officials and verified by an outside expert, Dr Kassem Wahba, of Johns Hopkins University.
Bin Laden told how he knew since the Thursday before the attacks when they were due to take place.
"We had finished our work that day and had the radio on," he said.
"It was 5.30pm our time. I was sitting with Dr Ahmad Abu-al-Khair. Immediately, we heard the news that a plane had hit the World Trade Centre.
"We turned the radio station to the news from Washington. The news continued and no mention of the attack until the end. At the end of the newscast, they reported that a plane just hit the World Trade Centre.
"After a little while, they announced that another plane had hit the World Trade Centre. The brothers who heard the news were overjoyed by it."
When the towers collapsed, bin Laden said the fact they fell exceeded his plans, based on his knowledge of engineering.
"We calculated in advance the number of casualties from the enemy who would be killed based on the position of the tower," he said.
"We calculated that the floors that would be hit would be three or four floors. I was the most optimistic of them all.
"Due to my experience in this field, I was thinking that the fire from the gas (fuel) in the plane would melt the iron structure of the building and collapse the area where the plane hit and all the floors above it only.
"This is all that we had hoped for." The sheik replied: "Allah be praised. And I was happy for the happiness of my brothers.
"That day the congratulations were coming on the phone non-stop. The mother was receiving phone calls continuously."
Bin Laden then spoke about the planning for the event. "The brothers, who conducted the operation, all they knew was that they have a martyrdom operation and we asked each of them to go to America but they didn't know anything about the operation, not even one letter."
"But they were trained and we did not reveal the operation to them until they are there and just before they boarded the planes. "Those who were trained to fly didn't know the others. One group of people did not know the other group."
Bin Laden then told the men, who are thought to be his lieutenants, of the reaction of the group he was with when he heard the news. "They were overjoyed when the first plane hit the building, so I said to them: 'be patient'," he said.
"The difference between the first and the second plane hitting the towers was twenty minutes.
"And the difference between the first plane and the plane that hit the Pentagon was one hour."
Bin Laden refers to one of the group, whose name cannot be made out, and says: "He did not know about the operation. Not everybody knew.
"Mohamed (Atta) from the Egyptian family was in charge of the group."
The tape also shows followers of bin Laden parading parts of a downed American helicopter, including one of the crew's bags, which is marked "Sgt", and a gas mask, as well as parts of the aircraft.
And there is a visit to the site where the helicopter came down in Afghanistan by the men, who chant and wave weapons in the air in an apparent prayer of thanks.
The tape is not in the right order, with the beginning of the dinner at the end of the tape and the rest at the beginning.
The beginning of the dinner shows bin Laden, carrying a gun, exchanging greetings with the sheikh, who appears unable to rise, and sitting down on cushions on the floor.
The Pentagon believes the tape rewound automatically and erased earlier footage on it, possibly of the visit to the helicopter site.
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●この記事は、「X_file_molder」さんの投稿――「ビンラディンのテープは期待
するほどの効果は得られないだろう[ABC.com]／WA7 155 2001/12/14 01:15:10、
http://asyura.com/sora/war7/msg/155.html 」ですでに紹介されたものですが、
ウサマ・ビン・ラディン告白ビデオへの反響についての報道として、ここで
あらためて紹介しておきます。
Providing Fodder for His Enemies
http://abcnews.go.com/sections/world/DailyNews/binladen011213_tape.html
Bin Laden Tape May Have Planned Evidence Against Him
By Andrew Chang and Deb Amos
Dec. 13 -- If Osama bin Laden is such a calculating terrorist mastermind, why would he create a piece of evidence that justifies America's pursuit of him?
That's the question that follows the broadcast today of a videotape in which bin Laden acknowledges direct responsibility for the Sept. 11 attacks on the United States that killed more than 3,000 people.
Up until this point, the Saudi exile had praised the attack but denied any involvement in its planning or execution.
But the video released by the Pentagon today shows bin Laden at a dinner meeting with his top associates on Nov. 9, recounting his involvement in and reaction to the attacks nearly two months earlier.
On the tape, bin Laden describes how he had calculated how many civilians would die in the attacks, and how he was surprised that both World Trade Center towers collapsed. He also says some of the hijackers did not know they were going to die.
Some voices in the Muslim world, and among bin Laden's supporters, have already expressed doubt about the tape.
The amateurish quality of the video, the many cuts, and that bin Laden's voice is hard to hear, already have some arguing that it is a U.S. fabrication.
Skeptics might also point out that the tape has emerged only two months after a military action had already begun, and that "it didn't surface through normal channels," Thomas J. Badey, a terrorism expert at Randolph-Macon College in Ashland, Va.,said on Tuesday.
But there are also entirely feasible reasons for the tape's existence, experts said -- even accounting for bin Laden's careful planning.
An al Qaeda Production
Bin Laden's al Qaeda network has long been known to have a "media wing" -- not only assembling propaganda, but also creating material for internal use.
As opposition forces seize bases that once belonged to bin Laden's al Qaeda network across Afghanistan, they have been discovering tapes documenting executions, terrorist training exercises, and the destruction of the ancient Buddahs in the Afghan city of Bamiyan.
Other al Qaeda tapes discovered by conquering opposition forces have also shown everyday activities like building new hospitals and handing out aid from Islamic aid agencies.
It is believed bin Laden's ultimate objective is a worldwide Islamic revolution, and his supporters may have wanted a historical record of such events.
The video, along with bin Laden's close associates, features a visiting sheik.
In the course of the dinner, the sheik proclaims, "In these days, in our times, that it will be the greatest jihad in the history of Islam and the resistance of the wicked people."
"It could be devotees of Osama bin Laden preserving an important moment for posterity, knowing that he could be a martyr," Roxanne Euben, a political science professor at Wellesley College in Massachusetts, said on Tuesday.
The tape might be used "to claim an incredible success at the very moment that morale may be falling," Euben said ? but most experts agreed it was unlikely the current tape was made for the global media.
Previous releases to the media have been much more polished and have been efficiently dispatched, they said. "If he wanted to state his responsibility for it formally he would have done so with a big bang," said Badey.
It was also unlikely that bin Laden was unaware that he was being taped, they said.
Bin Laden would have been particularly attentive to video cameras, says Badey -- especially after the assassination of famed Afghan opposition leader Ahmed Shah Massood.
Two suicide bombers killed Massood days before the Sept. 11 attacks by pretending to be journalists to get close to him and setting off a bomb hidden in a video camera.
However, the fact that the the video was left behind might be an accident, White House spokesman Ari Fleischer said today.
No Worries
Ultimately though, experts said, bin Laden might not care very much whether or not the West has evidence against him.
Whether or not he killed innocents still does not diminish bin Laden's political appeal, Lou Cantori, a lecturer for the State Department and professor at University of Maryland, Baltimore County, said on Tuesday.
Bin Laden's "criticism of the American foreign policy resonates in the Arab and Muslim imagination even though they disagree with his brutal and terrible methods and tactics," said Fawaz Gerges, a professor at Sarah Lawrence College in New York.
Bin Laden's sympathy for the Palestinians, his concern about sanctions on Iraq that are blamed for killing hundreds of thousands of children, and criticism of U.S. troops in Saudi Arabia ? those causes generate support for him in the Muslim world, regardless of the videotape, Cantori said.
The United States is already pursuing bin Laden, and Defense Secretary Donald Rumsfeld has expressed his preference for apprehending the exiled Saudi dissident ? dead.
"I think people now, the sense I get from speaking to a number of people out of the Arab world, is that what difference will it make?" said Ghida Fakhry, a former journalist for the Arab satellite television network Al Jazeera.
"The military campaign in Afghanistan at least is at such an advanced stage, what is the difference whether we see this evidence or not?"
A Gruesome Mix of the Modern and Medieval
Dec. 13 -- For a regime that has intentions of bringing the world to the seventh-century ideal of an Islamic state, al Qaeda had a surprisingly modern media operation.
As part of its media wing, it had a unit that collected articles from the Internet, in Arabic, of events linked to al Qaeda.
Folders of articles discovered in Kabul, Afghanistan, were titled "Variety of Achievements," and are accounts of attacks on the USS Cole, the U.S. battleship attacked in Yemen last year.
Some of the scenes the group recorded on video might as well have been taken from the medieval times al Qaeda so exalts.
The most graphic video viewed by ABCNEWS is a series of executions.
One of the killings is particularly grisly as it is carried out in front of thousands of people in Kandahar's famous stadium, which was a favorite killing ground for the Taliban.
The tape begins with a man wrapped mummy-style being carried into an open space. The man's feet and hands are bound and he is further restrained in what looks like a blanket or sheet.
A small woman, completely covered in a blue burqa, approaches the restrained man. She bends over him and with a sawing motion, uses a knife to cut off the man's head. It takes some effort, and the execution takes some time.
When it is over, the crowd disperses.
ｂｙ ABCNEWS.com
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題名には必ず「阿修羅さんへ」と記述してください。