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http://www.jcp.or.jp/akahata/aik12/2013-02-26/2013022607_01_1.html
「しんぶん赤旗」 2013年2月26日(火)
核兵器のない世界実現へ/オバマ氏は追求を/米紙(=ニューヨーク・タイムズ)が社説
【ワシントン=山崎伸治】24日付の米紙ニューヨーク・タイムズ(電子版)は、オバマ米大統領に対し、1期目に掲げた「核兵器のない世界」の実現という目標を引き続き追求すべきだとする社説を掲載しました。
社説は「米国とロシアはその余裕も必要もないのに、いまだに数千の核兵器を保有している」と指摘。2010年の新戦略兵器削減条約(新START)で定めた戦略核弾頭の配備上限1550発を1000発に減らすとする補佐官らの提言を取り入れるべきだと主張しています。
いっそうの核軍縮についてロシアと新条約を交渉しても、「いまだに冷戦時代の妄念を抱く共和党」は上院で承認しないと指摘。議会の承認を得ずに核兵器の削減を行うことは可能であり、オバマ氏はそれを追求すべきだと迫っています。
さらに(1)包括的核実験禁止条約(CTBT)を上院で批准させる(2)「兵器用核分裂物質生産禁止(カットオフ)条約」の交渉を阻んでいるパキスタンを説得する(3)配備した核兵器の警戒態勢を解く―ことも求めています。
また核兵器の削減で世界がより安全になるだけでなく、イランや北朝鮮に核開発をやめるよう説得する米国の立場を強めると指摘。「オバマ政権も議会も財政危機に真剣に取り組むなら、肥大化した核兵器に金をつぎ込み続けることはできない」として、核兵器の維持・開発に無駄な予算を使わないよう提案しています。
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ニューヨーク・タイムズ紙の英文記事はこちら ⇒
http://www.nytimes.com/2013/02/24/opinion/sunday/the-nuclear-agenda.html?_r=0
Editorial
The Nuclear Agenda
Published: February 23, 2013
President Obama set an ambitious goal in his first term when he endorsed the vision of an eventual world without nuclear weapons. After some early achievements, namely the New Start treaty mandating cuts in deployed strategic weapons, the effort stalled for two years until he picked up the theme again in the State of the Union address this month. Now he needs to follow through with a more sustained commitment.
To reduce reliance on nuclear weapons and halt the spread of nuclear technology, Mr. Obama has said he would engage Russia on further reductions in both countries’ arsenals. He has also vowed to take “firm action” in response to North Korean nuclear threats and do what is necessary to prevent Iran from getting a nuclear weapon.
Long after the cold war, the United States and Russia still have thousands of weapons they cannot afford and do not need, especially when the threats are militant groups and states like Iran and North Korea. For months, Mr. Obama has dragged his feet on a recommendation from his advisers to cut the number of deployed strategic nuclear warheads by at least a third, from 1,550 allowed under the 2010 New Start treaty to about 1,000.
Gen. James Cartwright, the retired vice chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff and a former nuclear forces commander, has argued that deterrence could be guaranteed with 900 warheads, with half deployed at any time. Still, moving to 1,000 deployed warheads would be significant. The usual course would be to negotiate a new treaty on reductions, and President Obama plans to send his national security adviser, Tom Donilon, to Moscow soon for talks. But the Russians are demanding that any treaty include restrictions on NATO and American missile defense systems in Europe. Meanwhile, Senate Republicans, who still nurture cold war obsessions, have already begun to react hysterically to talk of new weapons reductions.
Given these complications, Mr. Obama is wise to be considering an informal agreement with Russia that would provide a framework for deeper mutual cuts in the nuclear stockpiles without needing Senate ratification. Republicans no doubt will accuse him of overstepping his power, but previous presidents, including both Presidents Bush, have taken action on the nuclear issue on their own, and Mr. Obama should not rule out that possibility.
At a minimum, he could accelerate the New Start cuts to bring the number of American warheads, now about 1,700, down to 1,550 ahead of the 2018 deadline. Any further reductions beyond that must include, for the first time, warheads held in reserve and short-range nuclear weapons, as well as the deployed strategic warheads.
Mr. Obama should also try again to win Senate ratification of the Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty, which has been ratified by 159 nations but was rejected by the United States Senate in 1999, and to persuade Pakistan to stop blocking international action in the Geneva-based Conference on Disarmament on a treaty banning the production of fissile material. To lessen the chances of miscalculation or accident, he should at least remove from alert status some of the hundreds of nuclear weapons that are poised to launch within minutes.
Weapons cuts will make the world safer and strengthen America’s hand as it exhorts Iran and North Korea to halt their programs. More than that, if the administration and Congress are serious about the fiscal crisis, they cannot continue to throw money at a bloated nuclear arsenal. Washington is set to spend more than $600 billion on nuclear weapons over the next decade and will soon make decisions on modernizing the arsenal that could waste billions more. As Mr. Obama said in a 2009 arms control speech in Prague, “We must ignore the voices who tell us that the world cannot change.” He has limited time to lead the way.
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