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(SP) Rayleigh waves (6–12 sec) generally show lower detection
thresholds than 20-sec Rayleigh waves used to construct
mbMs discriminants (Fig. 1).
The Rayleigh waves from earthquakes are typically expected to be greater than
those from explosions because of the shear energy radiated
from the faulting process.
However, short-period surface waves are more strongly affected by earthquake depth resulting
in much scatter in the traditional mbMs discriminant.
In general, earthquakes generate larger surface waves than explosions for a given mb and have lower detection
thresholds.
This is illustrated in Figure 2, which shows an mbMs plot for regional signals from Nevada Test Site explosions
and western U.S. earthquakes (Taylor et al., 1989).
Here it can be seen that below about mb 3.8, no explosion Rayleigh waves were detected although many were for
earthquakes.
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