http://www.asyura2.com/10/test19/msg/801.html
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(回答先: Re: テスト 投稿者 SOBA 日時 2010 年 8 月 15 日 07:59:42)
2008/08/16のエントリーです。
勝手に始めて勝手に負けやがって庶民にとっちゃ終わってホッとだから「終戦記念日」でいい。敗戦記念日なら９・２だろう。
http://soba.txt-nifty.com/zatudan/2008/08/post_6405.html
国に対して「戦争責任」（無謀な戦争を始めた事、場合によれば敗戦責任）を問うはある。しかし勝手に始めて勝手に負けやがって庶民にとっちゃ終わってホッとだから「終戦記念日」でいいだろうって事です。
逆に言うと、その時の国民全員がおのれ自身が”国”みたいな一体感を持っていて「敗戦」と思い、一人も「戦争が終わってホッとした」って言う人がいなかったら、全員洗脳カルト状態ってことでそれはそれで気持ち悪い。国民にとっては終わってホッとで「終戦記念日」でも良いと思う。要するに勝った負けたを俺達国民に押しつけるなって事です。「終わってホッとしたよ」の８月１５日が終戦記念日。９月２日のミズリー号艦上「降伏文書」調印が敗戦記念日でいい。当然「戦争責任」を問うはあって然るべきです。
なんでこんなことを書いたかと言うと、反戦な家づくりさんが「貴い犠牲なんて無い」で
今日は、敗戦を終戦と言い換えたペテン記念日だ。って書いている。反戦な家づくりさん以外でも今まで何回か読んだことのある言葉と、論法である。
しかし勝った米国の、8月14日のニューヨークタイムズ記事では「Japan Surrenders, End of War! 」って書いていて、「End of War! 」、終戦って言葉を使っています。まあ、見出し全体や記事本文では自分たちが勝ったとは言っているのですが、「勝つには勝ったが、終わってよかったよ」って感じが「End of War! 」のところににじみ出ています。国民や読者の声を率直に代弁したのでしょう。
勝ってる米国でさえ「End of War! 」と喜んでいるのに、我々日本人が「戦争が終わった＝終戦」と喜ぶ事に何の罪やある。
「敗戦を終戦と言い換えたペテン記念日だ。」こう言う言い方って、左巻き方面と、昔の赤尾敏のような右翼のおっさんには好まれる論法なんだと思います。まあ、思惑は当然違っていて、左巻き方面の場合は、使う言葉によって仲間を確認する見たいなのもあって、「敗戦記念日」と言う言葉を使ったら「おお仲間がいた」みたいな感じで使ったり、「敗戦記念日」と言う言葉を使うか使わないかでオルグ対象のオルグ度を忖度したりするのかもしれない。（笑）
参考：反戦塾のましまさんや逝きし世の面影さんがコメントをつけてくれ、やり取りしましたがなかなか勉強になりました。
※以前のエントリーで、城山三郎さんのまるで遺言のような（なくなる約4ヶ月前です）佐高信さんとの集会での対談の録音と、「旗ふるな、旗ふらすな、旗伏せよ、旗たため、限りある命のために」をご紹介しました。城山さんは広島と呉との中間の山の上の基地で15日を迎えています。佐高の「城山さんは戦争が終わった日のことをすごく空が青かったと書かれていますよね？」に対して「きれいだったですねぇ、、、、、」と返しています（後半の方の音声ファイル、2分あたりから／全10分）。その時の城山さんの胸に去来したのは「敗戦」だったのだろうか、「終戦」だったのだろうか？
※ホーム＆ヒューマン・ナビさんの、2007/08/15 直立不動の少年/終戦記念日に思う 、先日は、ＮＨＫでもこのジョー・オダネルについて放送されました。
戦後すぐの長崎、少年は口をキュッととじ、直立しています。背中は妹ですが、既に息はありません。火葬の順番を待っているのです。この少年にとっては「敗戦」だったのだろうか、「終戦」だったのだろうか？
以下、写真を撮影した米従軍カメラマン、ジョー・オダネルのコメント：
「佐世保から長崎に入った私は、小高い丘の上から下を眺めていました。・・・１０歳くらいの少年が歩いてくるのが目に留まりました。おんぶひもをたすきにかけて、幼子を背中にしょっています。・・・しかし、この少年の様子ははっきりと違っています。
重大な目的を持ってこの焼き場にやってきたという強い意志が感じられました。しかも足は裸足です。少年は焼き場のふちまでくると硬い表情で目を凝らして立ち尽くしています。
・・・少年は焼き場のふちに、５分か１０分も立っていたでしょうか。白いマスクをした男たちがおもむろに近づき、ゆっくりとおんぶひもを解き始めました。この時私は、背中の幼子がすでに死んでいることに初めて気づいたのです。男たちは幼子の手と足を持つとゆっくりと葬るように、焼き場の熱い灰の上に横たえました。
まず幼い肉体が火に溶けるジューという音がしました。それからまばゆいほどの炎がさっと舞い上がりました。真っ赤な夕日のような炎は、直立不動の少年のまだあどけない頬を赤く照らしました。
その時です、炎を食い入るように見つめる少年の唇に血がにじんでいるのに気がついたのは。
少年があまりにきつく噛みしめているため、唇の血は流れることなく、ただ少年の下唇に赤くにじんでいました。夕日のような炎が静まると、少年はくるりときびすを返し、沈黙のまま焼き場を去っていきました。背筋が凍るような光景でした。」
（朝日新聞社写真展コメントより抜粋）
"No More" Joe O'Donnell, August,1995,Hiroshima
No More
As a citizen of the United States of America
I want to express to you tonight my sorrow and regret for the pain and sufferring caused by the cruel and unneccessary atomic bombing of your cities.
I belive it was wrong; morally wrong.
Just as wrong as the holocaust.
It was a crime not just against history but against humanity.
I walked in the ashes of Hiroshima and Nagasaki in 1945 and photographed the children, the women, the elderly, the mutilated and disfigured.
The victims who suffered and died like no other people in the history of the world.
Now, fifty years later I pledge to you that I will not forget waht I saw.
We owe it to those who died to keep their memory alive.
Give their tragic deaths honor by remembering them.
Let them teach us how to respect life.
For them I will continue to speak out and tell the world what it was like in Japan, 1945.
My exhibit will continue to be seen for we cannot, we must not, let any one country become the victim or attacher again.
No more Hiroshimas! No more Pearl Harbors!
No more Nagasakis!
NO MORE!
For peace is the future and without peace
there will be no future.
Joe O'Donnell, August, 1995, Hiroshima
ＴＢＰ「自民党政治」の１５日から１６日にかけてＴＢしたエントリー中、タイトルが「終戦記念日」あるいは「敗戦記念日」のものを拾ってみました。
（略）
以下、資料として採録。１９４５年8月14日のニューヨークタイムズ記事です。
Japan Surrenders, End of War!
http://www.nytimes.com/learning/general/onthisday/big/0814.html
Emperor Accepts Allied Rule
M'Arthur Supreme Commander
Yielding Unqualified, Says Truman
Japan Told to Order End of Hostilities, Notify Allied Supreme Commander and Send Emissaries to Him
MacArthur To Receive Surrender
Formal Proclamation of V-J Day Awaits Signing of Those Articles -- Cease-Fire Order Given to the Allied Forces
By ARTHUR KROCK
Special to THE NEW YORK TIMES
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Hirohito on Radio; Minister Ends Life
Two-Day Holiday Is Proclaimed; Stores, Banks Close Here Today
MacArthur Begins Orders to Hirohito
OTHER HEADLINES
Our Manpower Curbs Voided: Hiring Made Local: Communities, Labor and Management Will Unite Efforts: 6,000,000 Affected: Draft Quotas Cut, Services to Drop 5,500,000 in 18 Months
Third Fleet Fells 5 Planes Since End
Secrets of Radar Given to World
Petain Convicted, Sentenced to Die: Jurors Recommend Clemency Because of His Age -- Long Indictment Upheld
Treaty With China Signed in Moscow: Complete Agreement Reached With Chungking on All Points at Issue, Russians Say
Cruiser Sunk, 1,196 Casualties; Took Atom Bomb Cargo to Guam
Washington, Aug. 14 -- Japan today unconditionally surrendered the hemispheric empire taken by force and held almost intact for more than two years against the rising power of the United States and its Allies in the Pacific war.
The bloody dream of the Japanese military caste vanished in the text of a note to the Four Powers accepting the terms of the Potsdam Declaration of July 26, 1945, which amplified the Cairo Declaration of 1943.
Like the previous items in the surrender correspondence, today's Japanese document was forwarded through the Swiss Foreign Office at Berne and the Swiss Legation in Washington. The note of total capitulation was delivered to the State Department by the Legation Charge d'Affaires at 6:10 P. M., after the third and most anxious day of waiting on Tokyo, the anxiety intensified by several premature or false reports of the finale of World War II.
Orders Given to the Japanese
The Department responded with a note to Tokyo through the same channel, ordering the immediate end of hostilities by the Japanese, requiring that the Supreme Allied Commander- who, the President announced, will be Gen. Douglas MacArthur- be notified of the date and hour of the order, and instructing that emissaries of Japan be sent to him at once- at the time and place selected by him- "with full information of the disposition of the Japanese forces and commanders."
President Truman summoned a special press conference in the Executive offices at 7 P.M. He handed to the reporters three texts.
The first- the only one he read aloud- was that he had received the Japanese note and deemed it full acceptance of the Potsdam Declaration, containing no qualification whatsoever; that arrangements for the formal signing of the peace would be made for the "earliest possible moment;" that the Japanese surrender would be made to General MacArthur in his capacity as Supreme Allied Commander in Chief; that Allied military commanders had been instructed to cease hostilities, but that the formal proclamation of V. J. Day must await the formal signing.
The text ended with the Japanese note in which the Four Powers (the United States, Great Britain, China, and Russia) were officially informed that the Emperor of Japan had issued an imperial rescript of surrender, was prepared to guarantee the necessary signatures to the terms as prescribed by the Allies, and had instructed all his commanders to cease active operations to surrender all arms and to disband all forces under their control and within their reach.
The President's second announcement was that he had instructed the Selective Service to reduce the monthly military draft from 80,000 to 50,000 men, permitting a constant flow of replacements for the occupation forces and other necessary military units, with the draft held to low-age groups and first discharges given on the basis of long, arduous and faithful war service. He said he hoped to release 5,000,000 to 5,500,000 men in the subsequent year or eighteen months, the ratio governed in some degree by transportation facilities and the world situation.
The President's final announcement was to decree holidays tomorrow and Thursday for all Federal workers, who, he said, were the "hardest working and perhaps the least appreciated" by the public of all who had helped to wage the war.
Mr. Truman spoke calmly to the reporters, but when he had finished reading his face broke into a smile. Also present were Secretary of State James F. Byrnes and Admiral William D. Leahy, the President's personal Chief of Staff, and two other members of the Cabinet- Henry A. Wallace, Secretary of Commerce, and James V. Forrestal, Secretary of the Navy- managed to respond to a hurry call in time to be there. The agreement to issue the statements simultaneously in all the Allied capitals, and the brief period between the call to the Cabinet and the announcement, were responsible. Later the chief war administrators and Cordell Hull, former Secretary of State, arrived to congratulate the President.
President Addresses Crowd
After the press conference, while usually bored Washington launched upon a noisy victory demonstration, the President with Mrs. Truman walked out to the fountain in the White House grounds that face on Pennsylvania Avenue and made the V sign to the shouting crowds.
But this did not satisfy the growing assemblage, or probably the President either, for, in response to clamor, he came back and made a speech from the north portico, in which he said that the present emergency was as great as that of Pearl Harbor Day and must and would be met in the same spirit. Later in the evening he appeared to the crowds and spoke again.
He then returned to the executive mansion to begin work, at once on problems of peace, including domestic ones affecting reconversion, unemployment, wage-and-hour scales and industrial cut-backs, which are more complex and difficult than any he has faced and call for plans and measures that were necessarily held in abeyance by the exacting fact of war.
But certain immediate steps to deal with these problems and restore peacetime conditions were taken or announced as follows:
1. The War Manpower Commission abolished all controls, effective immediately, creating a free labor market for the first time in three years. The commission also set up a plan to help displaced workers and veterans find jobs.
2. The Navy canceled nearly $6,000,000,000 of prime contracts.
The Japanese offer to surrender, confirmed by the note received through Switzerland today, came in the week after the United States Air Forces obliterated Hiroshima with the first atomic bomb in history and the Union of Soviet Republics declared war on Japan. At the time the document was received in Washington, Russian armies were pushing back the Japanese armies in Asia and on Sukhalin Island, and the Army and Navy of the United States with their air forces- aided by the British- were relentlessly bombarding the home islands.
When the President made his announcements tonight it was three years and 250 days after the bombing of Pearl Harbor, which put the United States at war with Japan. This was followed immediately by the declarations of war on this country by Germany and Italy, the other Axis partners, which engaged the United States in the global conflict that now, in its military phases, is wholly won.
If the note had not come today the President was ready though reluctant to give the order that would have spread throughout Japan the hideous death and destruction that are the toll of the atomic bomb.
Officially the Japanese note was a response to the communicator to Tokyo, written on behalf of the Allies Aug. 11 by Secretary Byrnes, which was itself a reply to a Japanese offer on Aug. 10 to surrender on the understanding of the Japanese Government that the Potsdam Declaration did not "prejudice the prerogatives" of the Emperor of Japan as its "sovereign ruler."
Plan on the Emperor
Mr. Byrnes wrote, in effect, that the Japanese might keep their Emperor if they chose to do so of their own free-will, but that he would be placed under the authority of the Allied Commander-in-Chief in Tokyo and would be responsible to that commander for his official and public activities.
Relief rather than jubilation that the grim and costly task of conquering the Axis is done was the emotion of the officials, from the President down, who have traversed the long and agonizing road to victory since Dec. 7, 1941, when the Japanese attacked Pearl Harbor while Tokyo's "peace" envoys- Admiral Kichisahura Nomura and Ambassador Saburo Kurusu- were still continuing their negotiations with Secretary of State Hull. The road is piled high with the bodies of American soldiers, sailors, airmen and civilians who gave their lives that the victory might be attained.
And, in a solemn hour of triumph, the men in Washington that were their military and civilian commanders could not be jubilant in the lasting memory of these human sacrifices. On the contrary, they seemed more than ever resolved to produce a system of world security which for a long time would obviate the necessity of such sacrifices to dictators and aggressive nations; and to impress on the Japanese- as on the Germans- their crimes, nor relax their punishments, until they learn to follow the ways of peace.
Though the victory over the Japanese as well as the Nazis had always seemed assured to the American authorities, it did not become a certainty until the Allies- through United States invention and production, Allied military and scientific skills and the fortitude of the British, Chinese, Russian and American populations- were able to change from defense to attack. This change, so far as the Pacific was concerned, came after the Battle of Midway gathered force after the actions of the Coral Sea and the Philippines and came to crescendo with the captures of Saipan, Iwo Island and Okinawa, the perfection of radar and the discovery and use of the atomic bomb. But before these successes the story was very different.
The Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor found the Pacific Fleet divided, half of it crowded in the roadstead, the other half dispatched for Atlantic service for reasons of policy. These reasons grew out of President Roosevelt's decision that the Nazi menace required the fleet diversion to the Atlantic for immediate national defense, and out of his belief that, as he expressed it, he could "baby along Japan." This latter view was the foundation of the underlying policy by which the United States continued to furnish Japan with scrap iron, petrol, ant other materials transferable to war uses long after Japan by many officials was conceded to be bent on hemispheric and eventual world-wide aggression.
コメント：
「終戦」、おっしゃるとおり自然に使ってきて定着した言葉です。「終戦後」とは言いますが「敗戦後」では耳慣れない語感になります。
当時のマスコミはもっぱら「終戦」を使いました。たしかに子供だった私は、戦争一時お休み、かと思いました。
「終戦」には理由があります。８月15日現在では天皇が一方的に宣言しただけで、米軍機はまだ戦闘態勢を解いていません。日本でも20日頃まで灯火管制をしていました。
「敗戦」を意識したのは、９月２日のミズリー号艦上に於ける重光外相の「降伏文書」調印です。「敗戦記念日」なら、この日です。
投稿： ましま | 2008/08/18 08:45
ましまさん、こちらこそなるほどおっしゃるとおりです。
>「終戦」には理由があります。８月15日現在
>では天皇が一方的に宣言しただけで、米軍機
>はまだ戦闘態勢を解いていません。日本でも
>20日頃まで灯火管制をしていました。
>
>「敗戦」を意識したのは、９月２日のミズリ
>ー号艦上に於ける重光外相の「降伏文書」調
>印です。「敗戦記念日」なら、この日です。
天皇の玉音放送が流れた８月１５日が終戦記念日、ポツダム宣言を受入れて米戦艦ミズーリの甲板上で連合国への降伏文書に調印した９月２日が敗戦記念日、これならまだ腑に落ちて納得できます。勝手に始めて勝手に負けやがっての気持ちは残りますけれどね、。
下記、番組で終戦１５日の翌日、１１１人の若者たちが特攻に出撃準備中に死亡した事実が語られています。（最初に「この部分の映像は版権等の事情により公開致しません。ご了承ください。」表示がしばらく出ますが、しばらく待っていると番組が始まります。なお途中でも何回かこの表示が出ます。）
８月１０日（日）午後２時〜３時２５分 ザ・スクープスペシャル第２４弾
「終戦翌日に何が？特攻隊員ら１１１人死亡…特攻艇"震洋"の悲劇」
（ADSL 300k）
http://www.tv-asahi.co.jp/scoop/update/asx/scoop_080811-01_0300.asx
（ISDN 64k）
http://www.tv-asahi.co.jp/scoop/update/asx/scoop_080811-01_0064.asx
>昭和20年8月16日。終戦の翌日､高知県・住吉
>海岸で謎の大爆発が発生。
>特攻隊員ら111人が死亡するという悲劇が起こ
>った。爆発したのは海軍の水上特攻艇「震洋」
>。小型のベニヤ板製モーターボートの艇首部
>に爆薬を搭載し、搭乗員が乗り込んで操縦。
>上陸を図る敵艦に体当たりするという日本軍
>の水上特攻兵器だった。
>終戦時には本土決戦に対する備えとして4000
>隻近くが実戦配備についていた。
投稿： SOBA | 2008/08/18 10:05
勝った米国、8月14日のニューヨークタイムズ記事では「End of War! 」終戦って言葉を使ってるとの指摘は実に面白いですね。
終戦記念日は４月２８日で有るとする記事をＴＢさしてもらいます。
９月２日は降伏記念日ですね。
記録では、８月１４日は無条件降伏（ポツダム宣言の受諾）を戦勝国（連合国側）に通告した日ですが、日本と時差が半日あるニューヨーク で印刷に時間のかかる新聞に終戦の文字が書かれたという事はそれ以前(１３日）に連合国に事前通告したのでしょう。
アメリカの新聞の『戦勝』ではなく『終戦』の言葉の意味ですが、すでに第二次世界大戦の勝敗は１９４５年５月のドイツ無条件降伏で決しています。
アメリカにとっては当の昔に勝負の付いていた戦争の終結ですから、終戦で当然だったのでしょう。
８月時点のアメリカの対日戦争は、戦争というよりも反撃できない相手への空からの一方的な戦争（攻撃）です。
投稿： 逝きし世の面影 | 2008/08/18 15:04
＠28SOBA←Twitter（ツイッター）
クリックで⇒あのジェラルド・カーティスの正体はＣＩＡへの情報提供者だった！そのカーティスが菅首相を操ろうとしている。
クリックで⇒なぜ、小沢氏は検察に目の敵にされ執拗に検察に攻撃されるのか、その理由はこれ。
ラブソングその他歌
バナーは、８・３０勝利 ⇒ ７・１１隷米菅鉄槌記念
↓植草さんのココログへ、↓モルダウ（我が祖国）
↓クリックで【本家】と【遊撃板】の愛、そして生きる 主権者は私たちですＢＢＳ。
↓植草さんの主権者国民レジスタンス戦線結成呼びかけエントリー（関連）
この記事を読んだ人はこんな記事も読んでいます（表示まで20秒程度時間がかかります。）
- Re: テスト SOBA 2010/8/16 12:11:35 (5)
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