| Tweet |
経済危機のせいでチップも激減／チップに頼る低賃金労働者を襲う不安【ロイター通信】 【ニューヨーク＝ロイター】マンハッタンにある豪華アパートのドアマンを務めるジョー・ギルマーティンは、アパートの裕福な住人から例年もらえるチップが今年は最低になるのではないかと心配している。 「切りつめているらしい。心配だ、気になる」とギルマーティン。彼は収入をチップに頼る何百万の労働者の１人なのだ。経済危機でチップがますます減っていくのではないかと気が気ではない。 世界的経済危機による大量の一時帰休や賃金切り下げ、国中を覆う雇用不安。サービス部門のドア係やウェイトレス、ヘア・スタイリストなどは、経済危機の衝撃をもろに受ける。 フェニックスにある高級カフェでウェイトレスを勤めて10年になるジェンシー・ロジャーズは、チップが半分以下になったと言っている。 「７ドルや10ドルの注文でチップ２ドルってところが、いまは１ドルか50セント、時にはないときもある」シングル・マザーのロジャーズは言う。 ギルマーティンのようなドアマンは年末に総額で数千ドルのチップを受け取る。仕事はアパートの住民のためにドアを開け閉めするほか、タクシーを拾ったり、食料雑貨を運んだり、配達物を受け取り、ペットや子どもの面倒までみるのだ。 「チップを楽しみにして１年間働く。ウォールストリートでボーナスを楽しみにしているのと同じさ」と彼は言う。 シンシナティーのヘアサロンで働くガリー・セバスティアンは「客はチップを節約するため、４週間に一度カットに来ていたのを６週間にする」と言っている。 ここからは逐語的に説明するのが大変なので、端折って説明する。 アメリカではチップに頼る労働者の多くは、最低賃金（時給6㌦55㌣）以下で働いており、チップを当てにして生活している。 チップを受け取る労働者の方はチップなしには生活できないから、給与の一部のように考えているが、与える方は「贈り物」と考える。だから、18%～20%のチップを12%～15%に簡単に切り下げてしまう、と言うわけだ。 ============================================ ロイター通信の英文記事はこちら ⇒ http://www.reuters.com/article/domesticNews/idUSTRE4B434W20081205 NEW YORK (Reuters) - Joe Gilmartin, a doorman at a luxury apartment building in Manhattan, fears the worst this year about the holiday tips he traditionally gets from the affluent tenants he serves. "I've heard they're cutting back. It's a fear, and it's a concern," said Gilmartin, one of millions of U.S. workers who rely on gratuities for income. In the crisis gripping the economy, they worry those tips, from a dollar at a diner to large year-end sums, are growing fewer and smaller. The global economic crisis has meant massive layoffs, salary cuts and widespread job uncertainty in the U.S. workplace, and the impact is taking a harsh financial toll on employees in the service sector from doormen to waitresses to hair stylists. Waitress Jency Rogers, who has worked at an upscale cafe in Phoenix for a decade, reports tips falling by half or more. "An order of $7 to $10, you would see, like, a $2 tip," said Rogers, a single mother. "Now you see $1, fifty cents or sometimes nothing at all." Doormen like Gilmartin typically collect tips at year's end that total several thousand dollars for their jobs holding doors, hailing cabs, hauling groceries, accepting deliveries and even watching pets and children for building residents. "We wait all year for those tips. Just like on Wall Street, they wait for those bonuses," said Gilmartin, who added that he was laid off from back-office jobs at Goldman Sachs and Merrill Lynch before leaving Wall Street altogether. Customers are stretching out the time between haircuts to economize on tips, said stylist Gary Sebastian at Hair, Inc. salon in Cincinnati. "People have maybe changed from coming every four weeks to every six weeks," he said. RELYING ON TIPS At Rafael Gadaye's New York City barbershop, a holiday table heaped with bottles of vodka and plates of cookies for customers is largely untouched. The stream of clients coming in for a trim has thinned in the financial crisis, he said. "People who give you good tips don't show up because they're embarrassed to give you less," he said. "They don't want to give you nothing." In turn, he said, he finds himself tipping less. "If I gave you 20 percent, I give you 10 percent now," he said. Many U.S. employees who work for tips are paid less than the federal minimum wage of $6.55, with the tips they are presumed to get added in as the balance of their pay. The Bureau of Labor Statistics says, as of last year, about 1.5 million hourly workers made below minimum wage. The Internal Revenue Service does not record how much of income is tips but experts estimate U.S. workers collect $30 billion in gratuities each year. "We have no way of knowing tip amounts, unfortunately," said economist Emily Gross. "It's also believed that people vastly underreport tips." Nor do organizations such as the Service Employees International Union local that represents New York City doormen keep track. "To tip or not at holiday time and, if so, how much are decisions that are entirely in the hands of residents, as they should be," said union spokesman Matt Nerzig. Taxi drivers report tips off some 25 percent, said the New York Taxi Workers Alliance, which represents more than 11,000 drivers. "Drivers are really going bonkers trying to make ends meet, put food on the table and pay their rent," said Bill Lindauer, an alliance official. Many consumers may not know that tips are a critical part of many service workers' salaries, said Kit Yarrow, a professor who specializes in consumer behavior at Golden Gate University in San Francisco. "They think of it as a bonus, an add-on, a little something extra," she said. "It's pretty easy in this economy to move from 18 or 20 percent down to 12 or 15 percent if they think of it as a gift and not part of their pay." (Additional reporting by Andrea Hopkins in Cincinnati and Tim Gaynor in Phoenix; Editing by Eric Beech)
http://ameblo.jp/warm-heart/entry-10183991653.html から転載。
テーマ：世界の動き
ロイター通信（英文電子版）に“Tips falling victim to financial crisis”の見出しが付いた記事が載っている。"fall victim to～"というのは「～の犠牲になる」という意味らしいから、この見出しは「経済危機のせいでチップも激減」といった程度の意味だろう。少し前の記事だがけっこう興味ひかれる内容なので紹介しておこう。
Tips falling victim to financial crisis
Fri Dec 5, 2008 12:11pm EST
By Ellen Wulfhorst
投稿コメント全ログ コメント即時配信 スレ建て依頼 削除コメント確認方法
題名には必ず「阿修羅さんへ」と記述してください。
掲示板,ＭＬを含むこのサイトすべての
一切の引用、転載、リンクを許可いたします。確認メールは不要です。
引用元リンクを表示してください。