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http://www.ejpress.org/article/news/uk/30380
Anti-Semitism up in Europe, particularly in Spain, says study
WASHINGTON (EJP)---Anti-Jewish feelings are on the rise in several countries in Europe and the situation is "particularly dramatic" in Spain where unfavorable views towards Jews have more than doubled over the last three years, according to a US think-tank study released this week.
In the same time, attitudes towards Muslims have become more negative in recent years.
Anti-Jewish sentiment was up in six European countries -- Spain, Poland, Russia, Germany, France ,Britain-surveyed for the Washington-based Pew Research Center's 2008 Global Attitudes Project.
More than 4,700 people were surveyed between March and April in these countries for the project.
More than a third of Poles and Russians were anti-Semitic. Somewhat fewer, but still significant numbers of the Germans (25%) and French (20%) interviewed also express negative opinions of Jews.
Britain stood out as the only European country where there has not been a substantial rise in anti-Semitism.
Only nine percent of Britons saying they viewed Jews unfavorably, largely unchanged from recent years, according to Pew.
In all the other European countries surveyed, anti-Semitism was up, with the rise "particularly dramatic in Spain, where unfavorable views have more than doubled over the last three years, rising from 21 percent in 2005 to 46 percent in the current survey," the Pew report said.
"Negative attitudes toward Jews are more common among older and less educated Western Europeans, and much of the rise in negative views over the last few years has taken place among these two groups," the report said.
Europeans held an even worse opinion of Muslims than they did of Jews, the study showed.
Fifty-two percent of Spaniards, half of Germans, 46 percent of Poles and nearly four in 10 French viewed Muslims unfavorably.
Slightly fewer than one third of Russians and around a quarter of Britons expressed anti-Muslim feelings.
However the survey showed that negative opinions of Muslims had declined in Spain and Germany since 2006.
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Britain stood out as the only European country where there has not been a substantial rise in anti-Semitism.
Six in 10 Spaniards said they had a negative view of Muslims in 2006 compared with just over half this year, and the number of anti-Muslim Germans fell from 54 percent to 50 percent in the past two years.
According to the report, a notable parallel between anti-Muslim and anti-Jewish opinion in Western Europe is that both sentiments are most prevalent among the same groups of people. “Older people and those with less education are more anti-Semitic and anti-Muslim than are younger people or those with more education,” it says.
“Looking at combined data from France, Germany and Spain -- the three Western European countries where unfavorable opinions of Jews are most common -- people ages 50 and older express more negative views of both Jews and Muslims than do those younger than 50. Similarly, Europeans who have not attended college are consistently more likely than those who have to hold unfavorable opinions of both groups.”
The reports says that there are some political parallels with anti-Muslim and anti-Jewish opinions being are most prevalent among Europeans on the political right.
“For example, among respondents from France, Germany and Spain who place themselves on the political right, 56% express a negative view of Muslims, compared with 42% of those on the left and 45% of those in the center.”
“Similarly, 34% of people on the political right have a negative opinion of Jews, compared with 28% of those on the left and 26% of centrists.”
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