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イタリア：ナチスによる虐殺へ６１年後の判決言い渡しへ
【ローマ海保真人】第二次大戦末期の１９４４年、イタリア中部のスタツェーマ村で住民約５６０人がナチス・ドイツに虐殺された事件で、地元のラスペツィア軍裁判所は２２日、虐殺の罪に問われている元ドイツ兵の被告１０人に判決を言い渡す。発生６１年にして戦争犯罪の責任の所在が明らかになる見通しだ。
イタリア紙コリエレ・デラ・セラによると、事件は４４年８月１９日の夜明けごろに起きた。トスカーナ地方の村の教会前に大勢の女性、お年寄り、子供らが集められ、約３００人のヒトラー親衛隊機甲師団により一斉に射殺された。当初は抵抗闘争に対する粛清とみられたが、罪のない人が多く殺されたと判明。
事件後、米軍は戦争犯罪として調査を行ったが完結せずにいた。しかし、５０年後の９４年、虐殺の詳細や犠牲者名、容疑者名を記録したイタリア軍法務当局の公文書が見つかり、遺族や地元団体の訴えにより本格的な捜査が始まった。さらに１０年後の昨年４月から裁判が進められ、検察側は生存が判明した指揮官役を含む元ドイツ兵の被告１０人に終身刑を求刑した。
被告１０人は現在７９歳から９３歳で、主にドイツに住んでいる。高齢のため、有罪の場合でも執行猶予がつく可能性があるという。だが、検察側は「事件の全容を解明することが重要」と裁判の意義を強調している。また、母親と兄弟を失った遺族の男性はコリエレ紙に「虐殺がようやく白日の下にさらされる。象徴的な判決になるかもしれないが、我々は尊重するつもりだ」と話している。
毎日新聞 2005年6月15日 21時28分
Italy has sentenced 10 German former Nazi officers to life imprisonment for their role in a World War II massacre of 560 civilians in an Italian village.
The defendants, all in their 80s, were tried in absentia in a military tribunal in the port town of La Spezia.
The court heard that the killings in the Tuscan village of Sant'Anna di Stazzema had been premeditated.
The jury took seven hours to reach a verdict on the August 1944 massacre, one of Italy's worst war crimes.
Premeditated
"These men were not novices. They had fought on the western front [..] These were not people, though they were young, who did not know they were doing," prosecutor Marco De Paolis told the court.
The massacre happened just days after British troops liberated Florence in 1944, when hundreds of SS troops surrounded the village near the town of Lucca.
The Germans' defence lawyer said the men, part of a group of about 300, had believed they were hunting for partisans when they travelled to the hill town.
Witnesses say they rounded up the villagers, mostly women and children, and shot them before burning bodies and houses.
Luigi Trucco, who represents two of the defendants, said that he was disappointed at the ruling.
He said it was likely that they would appeal.
The men are unlikely to be imprisoned as they are too old to serve sentences in Italy.
Hidden files
But survivors of the massacre welcomed the trial and its outcome.
"We had asked for two things," Enio Mancini, who was six at the time of the massacre, told Reuters, "Justice, as far as that is still possible, but also truth. The trial has already helped with that."
Italian authorities only began investigating the massacre 10 years ago when a journalist stumbled across a cupboard of witness statements.
Last year, the government set up a parliamentary commission to find out how these files remained hidden for six decades.
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